【英文标准名称】:Simplecrossoversforundergroundtracks;20mradius,1:5inclination;geometricdimensions
【原文标准名称】:简易的地下矿道交叉点.半径20m.斜度1:5.几何尺寸
【标准号】:DIN20458-1988
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1988-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:采掘;几何;地下开采;轨道(物料装卸设备);铁路轨道;轮距;尺寸;轨道运输用转线轨道
【英文主题词】:undergroundmining;crossoversforrailhaulage;geometry;railwaytrack;dimensions;trackwidths;tracks(materialshandlingequipment);mining
【摘要】:Inthisstandardarethegeometricalmeasuresofcrossoversconsistingofsimpleswitch-pointsofS30railswith20mradius,1:5inclinationand600mmgaugefixed.#,,#
【中国标准分类号】:S12
【国际标准分类号】:4660
【页数】:2P;A4
【正文语种】:德语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforPlastics:DynamicMechanicalProperties:MeltRheology
【原文标准名称】:塑料的标准试验方法:动力机械性能:熔体流变学
【标准号】:ASTMD4440-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.10
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:测量;熔化;塑料;高聚物;工艺;流变性能
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:Thistestmethodprovidesasimplemeansofcharacterizingtheimportantrheologicalpropertiesandviscosityofthermoplasticpolymersusingverysmallamountsofmaterial(approximately25to50mmindiameterby1to3mminthickness...approximately3to5g).Datamaybeusedforqualitycontrol,researchanddevelopment,andestablishmentofoptimumprocessingconditions.Dynamicmechanicaltestingprovidesasensitivemethodfordeterminingmoltenpolymerpropertiesbymeasuringtheelasticandlossmoduliasafunctionoffrequency,strain,temperature,ortime.Plotsofviscosity,storage,andlossmoduli,andtandeltaasafunctionoftheaforementionedprocessparametersprovidegraphicalrepresentationindicativeofmolecularweight,molecularweightdistribution,effectsofchainbranching,andmelt-processabilityforspecifiedconditions.Valuesobtainedinthistestmethodcanbeusedtoassessthefollowing:5.3.1Complexviscosityofthepolymermeltasafunctionofdynamicoscillation,5.3.2Processingviscosity,minimumaswellaschangesinviscosityasafunctionofexperimentalparameters,5.3.3Effectsofprocessingtreatment,5.3.4Relativepolymerbehavioralproperties,includingviscosityanddamping,and5.3.5Effectsofformulationadditivesthatmightaffectprocessabilityorperformance.Beforeproceedingwiththistestmethod,referenceshouldbemadetothespecificationofthematerialbeingtested.Anytestspecimenpreparation,conditioning,dimensions,ortestingparameters,orcombinationthereof,coveredintherelevantASTMmaterialsspecificationshalltakeprecedenceoverthosementionedinthetestmethod.IftherearenorelevantASTMmaterialspecifications,thenthedefaultconditionsapply.1.1Thistestmethodoutlinestheuseofdynamicmechanicalinstrumentationindeterminingandreportingtherheologicalpropertiesofthermoplasticresinsandothertypesofmoltenpolymers.Itmaybeusedasamethodfordeterminingthecomplexviscosityandothersignificantviscoelasticcharacteristicsofsuchmaterialsasafunctionoffrequency,strainamplitude,temperature,andtime.Suchpropertiesmaybeinfluencedbyfillersandotheradditives.1.2Itincorporatesalaboratorytestmethodfordeterminingtherelevantrheologicalpropertiesofapolymermeltsubjectedtovariousoscillatorydeformationsonaninstrumentofthetypecommonlyreferredtoasamechanicalordynamicspectrometer.1.3Thistestmethodisintendedtoprovideameansofdeterminingtherheologicalpropertiesofmoltenpolymers,suchasthermoplasticsandthermoplasticelastomersoverarangeoftemperaturesbynonresonant,forced-vibrationtechniques.Plotsofmodulus,viscosity,andtandeltaasafunctionofdynamicoscillation(frequency),strainamplitude,temperature,andtimeareindicativeoftheviscoelasticpropertiesofamoltenpolymer.1.4Thistestmethodisvalidforawiderangeoffrequencies,typicallyfrom0.01to100Hz.1.5Thistestmethodisintendedforhomogenousandheterogeneousmoltenpolymericsystemsandcompositeformulationscontainingchemicaladditives,includingfillers,reinforcements,stabilizers,plasticizers,flameretardants,impactmodifiers,processingaids,andotherimportantchemicaladditivesoftenincorporatedintoapolymericsystemforspecificfunctionalproperties,andwhichcouldaffecttheprocessabilityandfunctionalperformance.Thesepolymericmaterialsystemshavemoltenviscositiestypicallylessthan106Pas(107poise).1.6Apparentdiscrepanciesmayariseinresultsobtainedunderdifferingexperimentalconditions.Withoutchangingtheobserveddata,reportinginfull(asdescribedinthistestmethod)thecond......
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】: