【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofTotalSuspendedParticulateMatterintheAtmosphere(High-VolumeSamplerMethod)
【原文标准名称】:空气中悬浮粒子的标准试验方法(大容器取样器法)
【标准号】:ASTMD4096-1991(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D22.03
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:atmosphere;Hi-Vol;highvolume;particulate;suspended;Atmosphericanalysis--particulatematter;Filters/filterprocedures--atmosphericanalysis;Flowandflowrate--atmospheric;High-volumesampling;Orificeflowratemethod;Particulatemattercon
【摘要】:TheHi-Volsampleriscommonlyusedforthecollectionoftheairborneparticulatecomponentoftheatmosphere.Somephysicalandchemicalparametersofthecollectedparticulatematteraredependentuponthephysicalcharacteristicsofthecollectionsystemandthechoiceoffiltermedia.AvarietyofoptionsavailablefortheHi-Volsamplergiveitbroadversatilityandallowtheusertodevelopinformationaboutthesizeandquantityofairborneparticulatematerialand,usingsubsequentchemicalanalyticaltechniques,informationaboutthechemicalpropertiesoftheparticulatematter.Thistestmethodpresentstechniquesthatwhenuniformlyapplied,providemeasurementssuitableforintersitecomparisons.Thistestmethodmeasurestheatmospherepresentedtothesamplerwithgoodprecision,buttheactualdustlevelsintheatmospherecanvarywidelyfromonelocationtoanother.Thismeansthatsamplerlocationmaybeofparamountimportance,andmayimposefargreatervariabilityofresultsthananylackofprecisioninthemethodofmeasurement.Inparticular,localizeddustsourcesmayexertamajorinfluenceoveraverylimitedareaimmediatelyadjacenttosuchsources.Examplesincludeunpavedstreets,vehicletrafficonroadwayswithasurfacefilmofdust,buildingdemolitionandconstructionactivity,ornearbyindustrialplantswithdustemissions.Insomecases,dustlevelsmeasuredclosetosuchsourcesmaybeseveraltimesthecommunitywidelevelsexclusiveofsuchlocalizedeffects(seePracticeD1357).1.1Thistestmethodprovidesforsamplingalargevolumeofatmosphere,1600to2400m3(55000to85000ft3),bymeansofahighflow-ratevacuumpumpatarateof1.13to1.70m3/min(40to60ft3/min)(1,2,3and4).1.2Thisflowrateallowssuspendedparticleshavingdiametersoflessthan100x03BC;m(stokesequivalentdiameter)tobecollected.However,thecollectionefficienciesforparticleslargerthan20x03BC;mdecreaseswithincreasingparticlesizeanditvarieswidelywiththeangleofthewindwithrespecttotheroofridgeofthesamplershelterandwithincreasingspeed(5).Whenglassfiberfiltersareused,particleswithinthesizerangeof100to0.1x03BC;mdiametersorlessareordinarilycollected.1.3Theupperlimitofmassloadingwillbedeterminedbypluggingofthefiltermediumwithsamplematerial,whichcausesasignificantdecreaseinflowrate(see6.4).Forverydustyatmospheres,shortersamplingperiodswillbenecessary.Theminimumamountofparticulatematterdetectablebythismethodis3mg(95%confidencelevel).Whenthesamplerisoperatedatanaverageflowrateof1.70m3/min(60ft3/min)for24h,thisisequivalentto1to2x03BC;g/m3(3).1.4Thesamplethatiscollectedmaybesubjectedtofurtheranalysesbyavarietyofmethodsforspecificconstituents.1.5ValuesstatedinSIunitsshallberegardedasthestandard.Inch-poundunitsareshownforinformationonly.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z15
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_01
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Telecontrolequipmentandsystems-Generalconsiderations-Generalprinciples
【原文标准名称】:遥控设备和系统.第1部分:一般考虑.第1节:一般原理
【标准号】:BS7404-1.1-1991
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1991-10-31
【实施或试行日期】:1991-10-31
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:遥控系统;电信系统;遥测设备;数据处理;数据传输方法;计算机网络;数据传输;电力系统;控制系统;遥测技术
【英文主题词】:Electricalengineering;Generalsection;Remotecontrolsystems
【摘要】:Appliestocodedbitserialdatatransmissionsformonitoringandcontrolofgeographicallywidespreadprocesses.
【中国标准分类号】:N17
【国际标准分类号】:33_200
【页数】:32P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语